docker部署mysql远程连接 解决1251 client does not support ..问题

错误截图：

原因：mysql 8.0 默认使用 caching_sha2_password 身份验证机制；客户端不支持新的加密方式。

解决方案：

修改用户（root）的加密方式

步骤：

1、进入mysql容器内部

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql01 bash   ## mysql01是容器的别名，这里也可以用容器的id代替

2、登录mysql

root@e285125c99d6:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

3、设置用户配置项

1）、查看用户信息

mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user; 
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| %         | root             | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$HF7;krfwhkKHp5fPenQm4J2dm/RJtbbyjtCUVdDCcboXQw3ALxsif/sS1 |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root             | mysql_native_password | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9                              |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------------------------

备注：host为 % 表示不限制ip localhost表示本机使用 plugin非mysql_native_password 则需要修改密码

2）、修改加密方式

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';  ### 123456 mysql的登录密码
flush privileges;

然后再查看用户信息

mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| %         | root             | mysql_native_password | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9                              |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root             | mysql_native_password | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9                              |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4、测试：连接成功